When all cores, with or without reinforcement, are grouted, the wall is considered solidly grouted. In partially grouted walls, grout is placed only in wall spaces containing steel reinforcement. In reinforced masonry, grout bonds the masonry units and reinforcing steel so that they act together to resist imposed loads. Grout may also be used to stabilize screen walls and other landscape elements. Grout may also be added to increase the wall’s fire rating, acoustic effectiveness termite resistance, blast resistance, heat capacity or anchorage capabilities. It is also used to fill bond beams and occasionally to fill the collar joint of a multi-wythe wall. Grout is used to give added strength to both reinforced and unreinforced concrete masonry walls by grouting either some or all of the cores. Grout is a mixture of: cementitious material (usually portland cement) aggregate enough water to cause the mixture to flow readily and without segregation into cores or cavities in the masonry and sometimes admixtures. The industry is experiencing fast-paced advances in grouting procedures and materials as building codes allow new opportunities to explore means and methods for constructing grouted masonry walls. Grouted concrete masonry construction offers design flexibility through the use of partially or fully grouted walls, whether plain or reinforced.
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